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SAVE EARTH BY WATER POLLUTION PowerPoint Presentation

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Slide 1 - WATER POLLUTION DR MOHD HASNI HJ JAAFAR ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSICIAN DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH, UKM MEDICAL CENTRE, MALAYSIA
Slide 2 - WATER 71% from earth surface. 97% salt water (sea) 3% fresh water 87% ice and glaciers, underground, air. 13% surface water (0.4% total water). Function Domestic. Industry. Agriculture. Recreation. Safety and security.
Slide 3 - WATER 70% total human body wt. 30 – 40% bone mass. Body functions: Absorption of oxygen at alveoli. Control of body temperature. Blood component. Digestion in kidneys and intestine. Alteration of 10% body content – health problem. Alteration of 20% body content – death.
Slide 4 - ppt slide no 4 content not found
Slide 5 - WATER POLLUTION Ideal water supply Quality. Quantity. Water quality parameter Physical. Suspended solid (SS), color, taste, smell, temp. Chemical. Dissolved substances, alkalinity, hardness, fluoride, heavy metal, organic compound, nutrient (nitrogen & phosphorus), pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD). Biology. Bacteria, virus, protozoa, helminthes.
Slide 6 - SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION Uncontrolled land development since colonial era (end 19th century). Agriculture (logging, estate, farms). Mining (tin, gold, cuprum). Industrialization. Housing development. Hydro dam.
Slide 7 - SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION Pollution of clean water resources Erosion at water catchments areas. Erosion of rivers. Effluent from rubber and palm oil factories. Effluent from mining site. Effluent from industry area. Effluent from farming area. Effluent from domestic area.
Slide 8 - SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION Mohamad Ismail Yaziz 1993
Slide 9 - SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION Puncak Niaga, 2001 Effluent from factories and agricultural activities. Land and forest clearance activities. Mining. Solid waste. Wastewater.
Slide 10 - SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION DOE, 1998 River cleanliness 25% clean (68.2% - 1989) 65% moderately polluted (29.3% - 1989) 10% polluted (2.5% - 1989) Source of pollution 43% from farming and domestic. 34% from forest clearance and development. 21% from industries.
Slide 11 - SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION DOE, 1998 Marin pollution 94.5% by oil and grease. 73.7% by suspended solids. 28.7% by E.coli Underground water pollution 3% contents mercury, cadmium and lead. 23% contents phenolic. 40% contents arsenic.
Slide 12 - TYPE OF POLLUTION pH. Organic content (BOD). Suspended solids. Ammonium-nitrogen. Micro bacteria. Heavy metals lead, cuprum, cadmium. Pesticides.
Slide 13 - WATER POLLUTION Will cause Soil contamination. Air contamination. Food chain contamination. Esthetic. Lack of clean water supply for Domestic demand. Industry use. Agriculture use.
Slide 14 - WATER POLLUTION Will also cause Breeding of diseases vector. Spreading of water borne diseases. Food poisoning. Skin problem.
Slide 15 - WATER POLLUTION PBB 80% of diseases in developing countries are due to water supply contamination. 4 – 5 million child died every year due to water supply contamination. More than 1 million died after severe diarrhea.
Slide 16 - WATER POLLUTION Including chemical, physical and biological content. Following standards and guidelines. Using measurement of pH, color, cloudiness, conductivity. Heavy metals, nutrient, pesticide, microbe. Good water quality is where it free from disease organism, dangerous chemical substances, radioactive, accepted taste and smell.
Slide 17 - WATER POLLUTION CONTROL Since March 1978. 443 sampling station by DOE. Other agencies Health Department. Department of Irrigation and Drainage.
Slide 18 - WATER POLLUTION CONTROL