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Slide 1 - Introduction to Model-View-Controller (MVC) Web Programming with TurboGearsLeif Oppermann, 24.04.2008
Slide 2 - WPS - your story so far xhtml x2 css javascript dom, dynamic html java applets cgi/perl php x2 web usability x2 xml x2 Seems incredible complicated, already But still not everything (by far not!) How to possibly get it all under one hood? What did you like?
Slide 3 - Course of this lecture What is web programming? What is model-view-controller? Introducing TurboGears
Slide 4 - 1. Web programming The non-design bits Developing web applications of all scales “In software engineering, a Web application or webapp is an application that is accessed with a Web browser over a network such as the Internet or an intranet. Web applications are popular due to the ubiquity of the browser as a client, sometimes called a thin client. The ability to update and maintain Web applications without distributing and installing software on potentially thousands of client computers is a key reason for their popularity. Web applications are used to implement Webmail, online retail sales, online auctions, wikis, discussion boards, Weblogs, MMORPGs, and many other functions.” – Wikipedia.org
Slide 5 - Webapps summary Accessed with a Web Browser (client) Over a network Code is mainly run on server Exception: Javascript (also: Java, Flash,..) Code is loaded from server Data is mainly stored on server Webapps can be updated easily… ..without updating the clients!
Slide 6 - General 3 tiered structure First tier: client side code (web-browser), e.g. (X)HTML, Javascript, Java, Flash Second tier: server side code, e.g. C/C++, Perl, PHP, Java, Ruby, Python Third tier: server side database
Slide 7 - Architectural Pattern from Smalltalk (1979) Decouples data and presentation Eases the development 2. Model View Controller
Slide 8 - First thought (ok, but not far enough): Tier 1: View (Client) Tier 2: Controller (Server) Tier 3: Model (Database) Database Client Server
Slide 9 - Presentation: View is the user interface (e.g. button) Controller is the code (e.g. callback for button) Data: Model is the database Database Presentation Data
Slide 10 - Example Control Flow in MVC User interacts with the VIEW UI CONTROLLER handles the user input (often a callback function attached to UI elements) CONTROLLER updates the MODEL VIEW uses MODEL to generate new UI UI waits for user interaction
Slide 11 - MVC – general example
Slide 12 - 3. Introduction to TurboGears JavaScript Library XHTML template engine Easy to use Python webserver ORM Database Interface (e.g. for MySQL, SQLite, etc.) VIEW CONTROLLER MODEL
Slide 13 - > tg-admin quickstart NewDemo Enter package name [newdemo]: Do you need Identity (usernames/passwords) in this project? [no] [lots of output] > cd NewDemo > ./start-newdemo.py 3. Introduction to TurboGears
Slide 14 - ppt slide no 14 content not found
Slide 15 - Let‘s get started by watching a video (20 Minutes Wiki)
Slide 16 - So what was that? Created skeleton files with startup script Defined Data-Model created database tables from model created seeding data in toolbox webapp Wrote View template in XHTML Wrote Controller code in Python Index, edit, save At this point he had a working system Several iterations to add all features Finally wrote AJAX code (Javascript) in template
Slide 17 - Benefits Local development No need to upload to server Quick turn around times No need to compile As CherryPy watches the file-system and reloads when sources are changed Database query and update was easy No need to hand-write SQL But could be done, if necessary
Slide 18 - Summary Web applications Client, Server, Database Easy to maintain, harder to write Model – View – Controller Eases web application development TurboGears MVC WebApp Framework written in Python www.turbogears.org
Slide 19 - Thanks for your attention Next lecture: 1 PM today More on TurboGears (example project) Movie Collection tool Questions / Comments: Now or email: LXO@CS.NOTT.AC.UK